Legality :: essays research papers

Today the vast majority of authors get little or no income from copyright royalties. For instance, scientific, technical, and academic journals usually pay nix to their authors, and most scientific, technical and academic books earn exclusively a few hundred dollars in royalties. Newspaper writers work on salary, and so do powder store writers, or they are free lancers who are paid a flat rate, not a royalty. Only a tiny percentage of authors make whatever significant portion of their personal income from royalties. Even in the case of books, typically only around five percent of the retail price goes back to the author. Yes, it is goodness for writers to be paid, but copyright royalties are a very inefficient way of doing it.So why was copyright developed? It was because of the invention of the publish press. For thousands of years, the only way written works could be duplicated was through a slow and extremely expensive process of copying by hand. But then the printing press was invented and it became possible to produce an unlimited number of inexpensive copies.However, there was a catch. To produce a printed book requires a very large outlay ahead of time for things like editing, typesetting, running off at least a few hundred copies of the book, and promotion. A publisher would be willing to endow all this money only if it knew it would have exclusive rights to publish the book. Otherwise any book that was a hit would immediately be copied by new(prenominal) publishers, and the original publisher would get little or no return on its investment. So copyright law was created to promote publishing so that the creation could enjoy the fruits of the new technology of printing.We have copyright for music recordings for the same reason. The invention of the phonograph made possible cheap copies of music. However, a great craft of money is required to produce the record--recording studio time, paying musicians, editing, producing a master, producing rec ords at a factory--and also for promoting and distributing it. Copyright for music guarantees exclusive rights to sell a record, so music companies are willing to put up the money ahead of time to produce records in hopes they will make a profits from them.So copyright was invented so that society could enjoy the fruits of new inventions for reproducing works. But now we have new technologies that radically change the economics of reproduction.

the swing :: essays research papers

The Swing by capital of South Dakota RenoirThe impressionist movement st cheated when Claude Monet and other artists held an exhibition in Paris in 1874. People like Edgar Degas, Claude Monet, Pierre Renoir, Camille Pissaro created their most important work between 1870 to around 1910. The critics gave the exhibition the worst reviews possible. The critics considered Impressionist pictures an insult to viewers because they were expected to accept apparently unfinished art as a real painting. The name was taken from Monets Impression, Sunrise. The artists took the name after a critic used it mockingly to describe all the exhibited works. The critics express that the paintings were evidence of sloppy workmanship (world book). The Swing by Pierre Renoir shows many of the characteristics of a painting made during the impressionist movement. During the impressionist period the painters didnt plow to show emotion on the characters depicted in the painting. The impressionist also tried to capture a moment in time by painting something they saw at a glance rather than think about what they knew or what they felt about the situation. For example this painting captures a moment in time by showing a woman, standing on the swing, a baby, looking up at a man, and two men, who is having a conversation with the maam against an outdoor background. The impressionist liked to work outdoors in natural light and paint rapidly rather than in a studio nerve-racking to develop what they paint. They were influenced by the scientific study of color and light at that time. This painting shows how light reflects on the people standing partly in the elaboration and partly in the sunlight.